The period centers on how digital media became increasingly mediated and interconnected across technologies, emphasizing telepresence, remediation, and the social dynamics of online interaction. Researchers unify virtual reality, media psychology, and computer-mediated communication to examine presence, immediacy, multi-channel convergence, and user engagement across platforms from virtual environments to web-based interfaces. Methodologies expand from theorizing presence to empirical studies in online collaboration, digital art, and consumer interfaces.